How Occupational Therapy (OT) Addresses Picky Eaters
Pediatric occupational therapists (OTs) can play a crucial role in helping children who are picky eaters. Using a multifaceted approach, addressing such needs as the physical, emotional, sensory and psychological aspects of eating.
What is considered a picky eater?
While food jags are common in the preschool years, children are considered “picky” eaters if they are having difficulty eating a variety of foods that are typical of their family’s diet. If they are omitting entire food groups, or restricted to particular tastes or textures, then further evaluation is recommended.
Assessment of Underlying Issues
An OT will conduct a thorough assessment to identify any underlying issues that might be contributing to picky eating. These could include sensory processing difficulties, oral-motor challenges, behavioural factors, or medical issues like reflux or allergies.
Sensory Integration
Many picky eaters have sensory processing issues that make certain textures, smells, or tastes overwhelming. OTs use sensory strategies to help children become more comfortable with a variety of sensory experiences. This might involve gradually introducing different textures and flavours in a controlled and supportive environment.
Oral-Motor Skills Development
If a child has difficulties with the mechanics of chewing, an OT can provide exercises and activities to strengthen the muscles involved in eating. This might include activities that improve jaw strength, tongue movement, and coordination.
Behavioural Strategies
OTs often use behavioural strategies to encourage positive eating habits. This can include the use of structured routines and gradual exposure to new foods. They might also work with parents to develop consistent and supportive mealtime routines.
Food Play and Exploration
Encouraging children to play with food can help reduce anxiety and increase their willingness to try new foods. OTs might use activities like food art, sensory bins filled with food items, or cooking together to make new foods less intimidating and more fun.
Parental Guidance and Education
Educating parents about how to support their child’s eating development is a key part of the OT’s role in feeding therapy and support. This can include advice on how to present new foods, manage mealtime behaviours, and create a positive eating environment at home.
Collaborative Approach
Often, a pediatric OT will work in collaboration with other professionals such as speech therapists, dietitians, pediatricians, lactation consultants and family doctors to address all aspects of picky eating. This multidisciplinary approach ensures that all potential factors are considered and addressed.
By addressing both the physical and emotional aspects of eating, pediatric OTs help children develop healthier eating habits, enjoy a more varied diet and reduce mealtime stress to help create more positive and successful mealtimes.